Network communications protocols are a way to send data between two systems. They define rules for syntax, semantics, synchronization, and error recovery. There are numerous protocols that are used in communication, from HTTP to ICMP. Let’s look at some of them. Then, learn about their advantages and disadvantages.
TCP/IP
TCP/IP is a network communication protocol that divides a single message into several packets. These packets can then be forwarded by network devices such as routers and switches. Each packet is numbered so that it can be routed to its destination. This type of protocol is connection-oriented, which means that it ensures that a link is formed between the source and destination computers.
HTTP
HTTP is a standard for web-based computer communications. It uses ASCII text format to specify the request and response. It defines three basic methods, GET, PUT, and DELETE, which are all derived from the name of the resource. The GET method is the most commonly used. This method asks for a specific resource that corresponds to an existing or dynamic file on the server. The POST method, on the other hand, uses an entity body, which is the user’s input.
FTP
FTP is a network communications protocol used to exchange files between computers. It uses a control connection to transmit data and responds to commands from the client. The protocol can be used with binary or text files and uses a variety of different transmission modes. In the default mode, data is transformed into a stream of bytes, with a file extension of either ASCII or ANSI. The second mode, TCP, fragments data into smaller chunks.
ICMP
ICMP stands for “inter-network management protocol,” and it is used in network communication. Without this protocol, data packets cannot reach their final destination. It is designed to eliminate network congestion and avoid backlogs.
SLIP
SLIP is a network protocol used for the transmission of voice, data, and other types of packets. It differs from IP because it does not provide headers, but otherwise works similarly. This protocol is useful for LANs, but it is not appropriate for point-to- point connections. In addition, it does not provide error detection or control messaging.
Telnet
Telnet is a network communication protocol that is used by computers to exchange data. It was developed in the 1970s and became a widely used computer communications protocol in the 1980s. Initially, it was used for communicating with large databases like online catalogs. These databases were initially accessible only by terminals, but over time, they were converted into locally accessible web interfaces. Telnet has played an important role in the evolution of large databases and was instrumental in their creation.
SMPT
In the SMTP model, the user interface of the client sends and receives mail messages using the user agent (UA). A user agent is a program on a client’s computer that communicates with the network via a protocol called TCP. The protocol uses a message transfer agent (MTA), which is installed locally by the system administrator. An MTA is responsible for exchange of mail and maintains a queue of pending messages. It also has the ability to schedule repeat deliveries. SMTP messages are delivered to mailboxes where they can be downloaded later.
ISDN
ISDN is a network communications protocol that allows for high-speed voice and data communication between telephones and other devices. This type of protocol is available in various configurations and phone companies are able to provide any combination of channels, as long as the network is designed to accommodate them. ISDN uses a BRI, or business rate interface, that connects two or more lines together.